WOOD

BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION

Semi-deciduous tree, 8 to 15 m tall and 40 to 80 cm DBH, being able to reach up to 20 m tall and 200 cm DBH, without sapopemas. Trunk: challenge, cylindrical. Branching: racemose and irregular. Large, rounded crown, with dense foliage.

WOOD PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Basic density or specific gravity (o.D. Weight/vol. Green) (g/cm³) 0.76 Air-dry density (weight and volume at 12%mc) (g/cm³) 0.96 Normal shrinkage tangential (saturated to 12%mc) (%) 4.4 Total tangential shrinkage (saturated to 0%mc) (%) 7.7 Normal radial shrinkage (saturated to 12%mc) (%) 1.9 Total radial shrinkage (saturated to 0%mc) (%) 3.4

WOOD MECHANIC PROPERTIES

Bending strength (mor),12%mc (kgf/cm²) 1399 Stiffness (moe) 12%mc (kgf/cm²) 159000 Compression parallel to fiber 12%mc (kgf/cm²) 773 Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%mc (kgf/cm²) 141 Shear strength radial 12%mc (kgf/cm²) 194 Cleavage strength 12%mc (kgf/m) 76 Janka hardness (side) 12%mc (kgf) 1253 Janka hardness (end grain) 12%mc (kgf) 1116

TIMBER LOCAL USES

In exterior uses as crossties and crossheads. In heavy housing structures as beams, rafters and structural frames; in general housing as frames, trims, slats, doors, shutters, ceilings, baseboards, shoe boards, and wainscoting. Also used in flooring, parquet and stair treads. Manufacture of high quality furniture. Can be also used for sport articles, toys, tool handles, agricultural handles and turned parts.

COMMENTS: Although widely called the "Brazilian cherry" (mainly among flooring dealers), it bears little relation to the domestic cherry (Prunus serotina) found in the US, except perhaps that its natural color closely matches with the common color of domestic cherry that has been aged/stained reddish brown as seen in some interior furnishings. Algarrobo is exceptionally stiff, strong and hard, making it a great value for woodworkers looking for high-strength lumber.

BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION

D. purpurea is often 30 up to 40 m in height, with a trunk diameter of about 40 to 60 cm. Diameters of 100 cm are also possible. It develops cylindrical and straight stems 15 to 20 m long

WOOD PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Basic density or specific gravity (o.D. Weight/vol. Green) (g/cm³)0.81 Air-dry density (weight and volume at 12%mc) (g/cm³) 0.93 Total shrinkage tangential (saturated to 0%mc) (%) 7.4 Total shrinkage radial (saturated to 0%mc) (%) 5.3 Recommended dry kiln schedule us-t7-b3 Dimensional stability ratio (total tangential shrinkage %/total radial shrinkage %) 1.4

WOOD MECHANIC PROPERTIES

Bending strength (mor),12%mc (kgf/cm²) 1614 Stiffness (moe) 12%mc (kgf/cm²) 204667 Compression parallel to fiber 12%mc (kgf/cm²) 903 Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%mc (kgf/cm²) 84 Shear strength radial 12%mc (kgf/cm²) 135 Janka hardness (side) 12%mc (kgf) 973 Janka hardness (end grain) 12%mc (kgf) 958

END USES SUMMARY: Exterior general, bridges, poles, paling, stakes posts, rails, crossarms, crossties, housing general, beams, joists, boards, flooring, frames, steps, furniture and cabinets, common furniture, plywood and veneer, decorative veneer, turning, ornaments, turned furniture, cutlery, tools, tool handles, agricultural tools, packing, heavy packing, containers, truck bodies, truck flooring, naval construction, boat deck, other and musical instruments, yoke.

BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION

Andira trees are generally medium size unarmed trees, occasionally up to 35 m high.

WOOD PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Basic density or specific gravity (o.D. Weight/vol. Green) (g/cm³) 0.77 Air-dry density (weight and volume at 12%mc) (g/cm³) 0.88 Total shrinkage tangential (saturated to 0%mc) (%) 7.3 Total shrinkage radial (saturated to 0%mc) (%) 4.7 Recommended dry kiln schedule us-t3-d2 Dimensional stability ratio (total tangential shrinkage %/total radial shrinkage %) 1.6

WOOD MECHANIC PROPERTIES

Bending strength (mor),12%mc (kgf/cm²) 1471 Stiffness (moe) 12%mc (kgf/cm²) 153049 Compression parallel to fiber 12%mc (kgf/cm²) 759 Shear strength radial 12%mc (kgf/cm²) 94

END USES SUMMARY: Exterior general, crossties, housing general, beams, joists, boards, flooring, frames, steps, furniture and cabinets, common furniture, plywood and veneer, decorative veneer, turning, ornaments, turned furniture, cutlery, tools, tool handles, agricultural tools, packing, heavy packing, pallets, containers, truck bodies, truck flooring, naval construction, boat deck, other and musical instruments, yoke. Comments: Pilón Alcornoque wood gets its name from its resemblance to similar species called “Pilón”, and the name “Alcornoque” from its hardness.

BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION

Tree 25 to 40 m tall and with a diameter of 50 to 85 cm, cylindrical stem with a circular cross section; dark reddish-brown to dark red heartwood and pink sapwood; straight grain; fine texture; the veining presents figures in irregular and dull dark spots.

WOOD PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Basic density 0.87 g/cm3 Air dry density 12% 1.10 g/cm3 Tangential shrinkage 10.1% Radial shrinkage 6.6% Dimensional stability 1.5%

WOOD MECHANIC PROPERTIES

Flexural strength 12% 1918 kgf/cm2 Stiffness (modulus of elasticity) 12% 242500 kgf/cm2 Resistance to parallel compression 12%: 818 kgf/cm2 Perpendicular compressive strength 12%163kgf/cm2 Radial shear 12% 176 kgf/cm2

TIMBER LOCAL USES

Exterior uses as bridges and poles. Heavy structures, beams and rafters, flooring and stair treads. Also used for boat structures, curved parts, shuttles, weaving-loom and tool handles.

BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION

Tree up to 36 m tall and 35 to 55 cm in diameter; yellowish-brown heartwood and yellow sapwood; straight to interlocked grain; fine texture; veined in overlapping arcs, narrow light-colored stripes; low to moderate brightness.

WOOD PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Basic density 0.95 g/cm3 Air dry density 12% 1.12 g/cm3 Tangential shrinkage 8.4% Radial shrinkage 6.6% Dimensional stability 1.2%

WOOD MECHANIC PROPERTIES

Flexural strength 12% 1984 kgf/cm2 Rigidity (modulus of elasticity) 12% 215600 kgf/cm2 Resistance to parallel compression 12% 933 kgf/cm2 Perpendicular compressive strength r 12% 205kgf/cm2 Radial shear 12% 157 kgf/cm2

USE HARDWOOD

Stable, resistant to attack by marine borers; used for the production of decorative plates, posts, beams, joists, boards, floors, frames, furniture, turning, tool handles, heavy packaging, shipbuilding, among others.

WOOD DESCRIPTION

Color/Appearance: When freshly cut, Zapatero wood is a dull grayish brown. Upon exposure, the wood turns a deeper aubergine purple. With increased age and exposure to UV light, the wood turns a dark brown with a hint of purple. This color change can be slowed down and minimized by using a UVinhibiting finish on the wood. Grain/Texture: The grain is generally straight, but can also be wavy or irregular. It has a medium texture with good natural shine. Weather Resistance: Cobbler is rated as very durable, resisting both decay and most insect attacks, although it has been reported to be susceptible to attacks by marine borers. Workability: Working with Cobbler can present some unique challenges: if the wood is heated with dull tools, or if cutting speeds are too high, Cobbler exudes a gummy resin that can clog tools and complicate the sawing process.

WOOD PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Distribution: Central and South America (from Mexico to southern Brazil) Tree size: 100-170 feet (30-50 m) tall, 3-5 feet (1-1.5 m) trunk diameter Average dry weight: 56 lbs/ft3 (905 kg/m3) Specific Gravity (Basic, 12% MC): .76, .90 Janka Hardness: 2,520 lbf (11,190 N) Modulus of Rupture: 22,000 lbf/in2 (151.7 MPa) Elastic modulus: 2,937,000 lbf/in2 (20.26 GPa) Compressive Strength: 12,140 lbf/in2 (83.7 MPa) Shrinkage: Radial: 3.8%, Tangential: 6.4%, Volume: 10.6%, T/R Ratio: 1.7

COMMON USES

Flooring, furniture, shipbuilding, heavy construction, and a variety of specialty wood items. Comments: Sometimes called Amaranth, this colorful Latin American hardwood is wildly popular for furniture and other designs that require a unique splash of color. In addition to its coloration, Zapatero has excellent strength properties, and can be used in applications where strength is important, a wood for both form and function.